Blue Team Cyber Defender

  Learn what is the Pyramid of Pain and how to utilize this model to determine the level of difficulty it will cause for an adversary to change the indicators associated with them, and their campaign. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/pyramidofpainax Provide the ransomware name for the hash ‘63625702e63e333f235b5025078cea1545f29b1ad42b1e46031911321779b6be’ using open-source lookup tools Conti What is the ASN for the third IP address observed? Host Europe GmbH What is the domain name associated with the first IP address observed? craftingalegacy.com Go to this report on app.any.run and provide the first malicious URL request you are seeing, you will be using this report to answer the remaining questions of this task. craftingalegacy.com What term refers to an address used to access websites? Domain Name What type of attack uses Unicode characters in the domain name to imitate the a known domain? Punycode attack Provide the redirected website for the shortened URL using a preview: ht...

  Learn all the components that make up an email. Link- https://tryhackme.com/room/phishingemails1tryoe Email dates back to what time frame? 1970s What port is classified as Secure Transport for SMTP? 465 What port is classified as Secure Transport for IMAP? 993 What port is classified as Secure Transport for POP3? 995 What email header is the same as “Reply-to”? Return-Path Once you find the email sender’s IP address, where can you retrieve more information about the IP? http://www.arin.net/ In the above screenshots, what is the URI of the blocked image? https://i.imgur.com/lsw0tdi.png In the above screenshots, what is the name of the PDF attachment? payment-updateid.pdf In the attached virtual machine, view the information in email2.txt and reconstruct the PDF using the base64 data. What is the text within the PDF? Use Cyberchef from Base64 and save the output as a pdf file. Open the pdf. THM{BENIGN_PDF_ATTACHMENT} What trusted entity is this email masquerading as? Decode the sub...

Learn how to use DNS, advanced searching, Recon-ng, and Maltego to collect information about your target. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/redteamrecon When was thmredteam.com created (registered)? (YYYY-MM-DD) 2021–09–24 To how many IPv4 addresses does clinic.thmredteam.com resolve? 2 To how many IPv6 addresses does clinic.thmredteam.com resolve? 2 How would you search using Google for xls indexed for http://clinic.thmredteam.com? filetype:xls site:clinic.thmredteam.com How would you search using Google for files with the word passwords for http://clinic.thmredteam.com? passwords site:clinic.thmredteam.com What is the shodan command to get your Internet-facing IP address? shodan myip How do you start recon-ng with the workspace clinicredteam? recon-ng -w clinicredteam How many modules with the name virustotal exist? 2 There is a single module under hosts-domains. What is its name? migrate_hosts censys_email_address is a module that “retrieves email addresses from the TLS certificates...

  This room explains the technical details behind the Meltdown vulnerability. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/meltdownexplained what is it called when a program accesses a cache and finds the correct value? hit what is it called when a program accesses a cache and doesn’t find the correct value? miss What kind of memory does the virtual address contain(apart from user memory) kernel memory That’s it! See you in the next Room :)

  Introduction to x64 Assembly on Windows. Link- https://tryhackme.com/room/win64assembly What is 0xA in decimal? 10 What is decimal 25 in hexadecimal? Include the prefix for hexadecimal. 0x19 How many bytes is a WORD? 2 How many bits is a WORD? 16 What is the result of the binary operation: 1011 AND 1100? 1000 What is the result of the binary operation: 1011 NAND 1100? Include leading zeroes. 0111 How many bytes is RAX? 8 How many bytes is EAX? 4 What instruction returns from a function? ret What instruction will call/execute a function? call What instruction could be used to save a register in a way that it can later be restored? PUSH If two equal values are compared to each other, what will ZF be set to as result of the comparison? 1 In fastcall, what 64-bit register will hold the return value of a function? RAX In fastcall, what register is the first function parameter passed in? RCX In what order is data taken off of or put onto the stack? Provide the acronym. LIFO That’s it!...

  Learn the basics of automated web scanning! Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/rpwebscanning First and foremost, what switch do we use to set the target host? -h Websites don’t always properly redirect to their secure transport port and can sometimes have different issues depending on the manner in which they are scanned. How do we disable secure transport? -nossl How about the opposite, how do we force secure transport? -ssl What if we want to set a specific port to scan? -p As the web is constantly evolving, so is Nikto. A database of vulnerabilities represents a core component to this web scanner, how do we verify that this database is working and free from error? -dbcheck If instructed to, Nikto will attempt to guess and test both files within directories as well as usernames. Which switch and numerical value do we use to set Nikto to enumerate usernames in Apache? Keep in mind, this option is deprecated in favor of plugins, however, it’s still a great option to be aware of fo...

  Understand the flaws of an application and apply your researching skills on some vulnerability databases. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/vulnerabilities101 An attacker has been able to upgrade the permissions of their system account from “user” to “administrator”. What type of vulnerability is this? Operating System You manage to bypass a login panel using cookies to authenticate. What type of vulnerability is this? Application Logic What year was the first iteration of CVSS published? 2005 If you wanted to assess vulnerability based on the risk it poses to an organisation, what framework would you use? Note: We are looking for the acronym here. VPR If you wanted to use a framework that was free and open-source, what framework would that be? Note: We are looking for the acronym here. CVSS Using NVD, how many CVEs were submitted in July 2021? 1585 Who is the author of Exploit-DB? Offensive Security What type of vulnerability did we use to find the name and version of the applic...

  Learn how to use Redline to perform memory analysis and to scan for IOCs on an endpoint. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/btredlinejoxr3d Who created Redline? FireEye What data collection method takes the least amount of time? Standard Collector You are reading a research paper on a new strain of ransomware. You want to run the data collection on your computer based on the patterns provided, such as domains, hashes, IP addresses, filenames, etc. What method would you choose to run a granular data collection against the known indicators? IOC Search Collector What script would you run to initiate the data collection process? Please include the file extension. RunRedlineAudit.bat If you want to collect the data on Disks and Volumes, under which option can you find it? Disk Enumeration What cache does Windows use to maintain a preference for recently executed code? Prefetch Where in the Redline UI can you view information about the Logged in User? System Information Provide the Oper...

  A guided room covering the deployment of honeypots and analysis of botnet activities Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/introductiontohoneypots Create a file and then log back in is the file still there? (Yay/Nay) Nay How many passwords include the word “password” or some other variation of it e.g “p@ssw0rd” 15 What is arguably the most common tool for brute-forcing SSH? hydra What intrusion prevention software framework is commonly used to mitigate SSH brute-force attacks? Fail2Ban What CPU does the honeypot “use”? Run command cat /proc/cpuinfo Intel(R) Core(TM) i9–11900KB CPU @ 3.30GHz Does the honeypot return the correct values when uname -a is run? (Yay/Nay) Nay What flag must be set to pipe wget output into bash? -O How would you disable bash history using unset ? unset HISTFILE What brand of device is the bot in the first sample searching for? (BotCommands/Sample1.txt) Do a simple google search of the processes Mikrotik What are the commands in the second sample changing? ...

  Practice analyzing malicious traffic using Brim. Link - https://tryhackme.com/room/mastermindsxlq [Infection 1] Provide the victim’s IP address. Load infection1.pcap in Brim Check the source IP of “Http Requests” 192.168.75.249 The victim attempted to make HTTP connections to two suspicious domains with the status ‘404 Not Found’. Provide the hosts/domains requested. cambiasuhistoria.growlab.es, www.letscompareonline.com The victim made a successful HTTP connection to one of the domains and received the response_body_len of 1,309 (uncompressed content size of the data transferred from the server). Provide the domain and the destination IP address. Check the “Http Requests” ww25.gocphongthe.com,199.59.242.153 How many unique DNS requests were made to cab[.]myfkn[.]com domain (including the capitalized domain)? Check “Unique DNS Queries” 7 Provide the URI of the domain bhaktivrind[.]com that the victim reached out over HTTP. Check the “Http Requests” /cgi-bin/JBbb8/ Provide the IP ...